Neurovascular diseases (NVDs) are a leading cause of disability, dementia, and death, yet therapies remain limited. New research highlights complex, compartmentalized brain organization with specialized vascular, immune, and glial cells shaping disease. The Collaborative Research Center SFB 1744 / CRC 1744, funded by the German Research Foundation, focuses on compartmentalized cellular networks (CCN in NVD), where interactions among these cells drive disease onset and progression. Studying diverse NVDs in parallel, the consortium integrates advanced omics, imaging, and human models to uncover shared and distinct mechanisms, aiming to translate these insights into targeted therapies for specific neurovascular compartments.